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3D rendering of a flow-cell grown biofilm of P. aeruginosa constitutively expressing GFP, acquired via confocal microscopy. -
Biofilms start as individual cells attaching to a surface and mature into multicellular aggregates that eventually disperse to colonize new surfaces. Image modified from Passos da Silva et al., 2017. -
As it moves on a surface, P. aeruginosa (white) leaves a trail of polysaccharide (red) on that surface. Image modified from Zhao et al., 2013. -
P. aeruginosa biofilm after treatment with the antibiotic tobramycin. Cells in the periphery of the biofilm aggregate are dead (red) while cells in the middle are alive (green). The yellow region contains both living and dead cells. The left image is a cross-section of the biofilm aggregate; the right is a side view. Image modified from Tseng et al., 2013. -
Quorum sensing is required for the proper development of domed biofilms in B. thailandensis. 3D rendering of flow-cell grown biofilms of wild type (WT) and QS mutant strains, looking top-down (top) and bottom-up (bottom). Image modified from Tseng et al., 2016. -
A biofilm matrix-associated protein that is an elastase inhibitor protects P. aeruginosa biofilm cells from neutrophil elastase-mediated cell death. Static glass-grown biofilms were treated with elastase and stained to determine if they are alive (green) or dead (purple). Image modified from Tseng et al., 2018.